It had been a busy Tuesday in Thurston County, Nebraska, for young Dale Larson.
It was obvious to all farmers and their children that the day would be stormy.
The harvest was under way, and prewinter projects were still competing with
daily chores on the Larson farm three miles east of Pender.
A mile from the Larson farm sat the James School. Miss Dorothy Smith was only
slightly uneasy about the threat of bad weather. The storm cave was only a few
feet from the school, and September was not tornado season. Seven miles to the
north-northeast was the Lamere School, where 22-year-old Phyliss Stewart was
conducting class for her pupils. She also was not especially concerned about
the weather. Another 10 miles to the northeast, 19-year-old Helen Rooney,
teacher at the O'Connor School, was nervous in the stormy weather, as she
always was. Her school was situated on an exposed hilltop, and she frequently
dispersed the children to their homes on neighboring farms on those occasions
when the weather turned severe.
Thunderstorms grew in the southwest and passed over the county on that balmy
fall afternoon. After a heavy rain, the storm seemed to be over. The students
at the James School were about to be dismissed. At the O'Connor School, heeding
the advice of a neighboring farmer, Miss Rooney had already dismissed her
students early, but she stayed to work on the lessons for the next day.
Just in time
At 3:50 p.m., 17-year-old Dale Larson and his father looked out from their
hilltop farm and saw the rain drifting off to the northeast. They also glanced
to the southwest and noticed a black low-hanging cloud near the ground. They
knew in an instant what it could be and what had to be done. The James School
was on the northeast side of a hill, and the approaching tornado would not be
seen by either the students or the teacher. The massive funnel was moving
steadily and directly toward the little building.
Without hesitation, Dale leaped into the family Ford and began racing toward
the school, heading directly into the path of the oncoming twister. Losing a
tire as he spun out of the driveway, the race to the school seemed endless,
although it lasted only two minutes. He arrived seconds before the school began
to disintegrate. Until the moment that Dale burst into the classroom, Dorothy
Smith and her 29 students were unaware that they were in any danger. Dale
hurled himself into the building and shouted "Get into the cave! Cyclone!" In
just a few seconds, the 31 people, ages six to 24, packed themselves into the
tiny storm cave.
As the children were passing through the cloakroom, Dale almost instinctively
grabbed a skipping rope. He tied it to the storm cave door and, with the help
of two older boys, was able to keep the door closed while a deafening noise
rose and fell outside. Ten minutes after the noise subsided they emerged into
sunshine and found nothing left but fragments of a foundation, the posts from
the swing, and the pump at the well, set in concrete. Pieces of the Larson
family car, Miss Smith's car, and the teacher's hand bell were found more than
two miles away. No one at the James School was even scratched. Fragments of
schoolbooks were found in Iowa, 50 miles away. Whether they were from this or
other schools in the tornado's path is not known.
Not in time
Seven miles to the north-northeast, a curious-looking sky drew Eugene Keyser
away from his chores. Concerned, he headed for the Lamere School to get his
nine-year-old son. As he began walking, he saw the tornado approaching and
watched in amazement as the adjoining farm was obliterated. Continuing to the
school, but now running, he arrived a minute before the tornado. From the
school the view to the southwest was blocked by a grove of trees, and the
teacher was unaware and unprepared.
Unlike the James School, there was no storm cave. Keyser, Miss Stewart, and 23
children joined hands and huddled in the center of the one-room school. One of
the many newspaper stories written about this extraordinary event had the
teacher playing the piano, hoping to ease the children's fears by singing as
the building was swept entirely away as if it were a paper box.
We can only imagine the horror of Miss Rooney's last moments at the
O'Connor School.
Animals from the adjoining farm were seen overhead. Two of the children were
killed, including a 10-year-old girl found crushed by the piano, 50 feet away
from the empty foundation. All others were injured, including Miss Stewart, who
was found more than 300 feet away. Mr. Keyser reportedly helped direct the
rescue work, then collapsed and was taken to the hospital delirious and
semiconscious. Students recovering in the hospital argued whether it was the
white or gray horse that passed overhead. A photograph of Gail Dean, the eldest
of the four Dean children injured at the school, was carried 110 miles to a
golf course in Sheldon, Iowa. It was returned to her parents, whose home was
leveled by the tornado.
We can only imagine the horror of Miss Rooney's last moments at the O'Connor
School. Her lifeless body was found against a tree, 100 feet from the empty
foundation, the knob of the school door still clutched tightly in one hand.
Over the next few weeks 50,000 people visited the area and $27,000 in tolls
were collected at the Sioux City, Iowa, bridge. Most of it went to a relief
fund. Laws requiring schools to have storm cellars would soon be written. The
seven other families whose children were saved bought the Larson family a new
Ford later in the fall of 1928. In 1978, 50 years after the tornado, the
students presented Dale Larson, a Pender businessman, with a commemorative
plaque at their reunion.
Then and now
Tornado forecasting did not exist on September 13, 1928, and the only warning
systems people had were the informal ones that have always been present in
small farming communities. There were no severe weather outlooks, tornado
watches, amateur radio or spotter networks, community sirens, commercial
television or radio alerts, or awareness programs in northeastern Nebraska in
1928. There were only people who watched the skies and were ready to risk their
own lives to help a neighbor. The heroism displayed by Dale Larson and Eugene
Keyser is similar to that shown by countless people during the past century
across the Great Plains.
If identical weather conditions were to occur today, Thurston County probably
would have been alerted to the possibility of thunderstorms several days in
advance of the tornado. Anyone keeping track of the weather certainly would
have been warned of the imminent danger of severe thunderstorms for several
hours beforehand. Thurston County would have been warned of the tornado's
approach because spotter groups in Cuming County, southwest of Pender, might
have seen the tornado almost immediately. Even before that, the mesocyclone
rotations inside the thunderstorm would have been seen on National Weather
Service Doppler radar. A warning would be broadcast on National Oceanographic
and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Weather Radio while the storm was still
30 miles away, and thousands of eyes would be focused on the southwest
horizon.
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Dale Larson and the schoolchildren he saved pose
before the storm-shelter door that he held down with a jump rope.
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The tornado that struck the James School may
have looked something like this—a twister photographed about 1930 near
Gothenberg, Nebraska.
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This is likely the kind of damage that the Lamere
School suffered. Here, a schoolroom in Murphysboro, IL, in which 60 children
were caught during the Great Tri-State Tornado of March 25, 1925.
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