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Lauren Aguirre, Executive Editor
Jamie Biggar, Web Developer
Brenden Kootsey, Senior Web Developer
Lexi Krock, Associate Editor
Susan K. Lewis, Editor
Sonali Patel, Designer
Kate Tetreault, Intern
Peter Tyson, Editor in Chief
Anya Vinokour, Senior Designer
Photo and Image Credits
Origins homepage
Photo: (galaxies) NASA/Hubble
Life's Little Essential
Photos: (waterfall, iceberg) © Peter Tyson; (Titan) © NASA, Voyager 2
A Conversation with Neil deGrasse Tyson
Photos: (Tyson) © Harry Heliotis; (Europa, Titan, Webb telescope) © NASA/JPL; (Tyson pointing) © Delvinhair Productions; (planetarium) © D. Finnin/AMNH
How Did Life Begin?
Photos: (Knoll) Courtesy of Andy Knoll; (Darwin, Miller, bacteria) © Corbis Images; (Earth) NASA; (DNA) © WGBH/NOVA
Does Mars Have Life?
Photos: (McKay) NASA/ARC; (Mars crater, Mars globe, martian north pole, martian surface, Mars Polar Lander) NASA/JPL
Who Needs Galaxies?
Photos: (Faber) Courtesy of R. R. Jones, Hubble Deep Field team, NASA; (Sombrero, solar system, Andromeda, Milky Way, deep field) © NASA; (Keck) Courtesy of the Keck Observatory
Are We Alone?
Photos: (Tyson) © Daniel Deitch; (Ward) © WGBH/NOVA (Jupiter, Earth) © NASA; (chimpanzee) Courtesy of UNWF; (flatworm) © Corbis Images; (coral) Courtesy of NOAA
Do Aliens Exist in the Milky Way?
Photos: (Earth, Milky Way, meteorite, space ship, Mars vehicle, deep field, radio telescopes) © NASA; (Antarctica) © Liesl Clark for WGBH/NOVA; (chimpanzee) Courtesy of UNWF; (octopus) Courtesy of NOAA; (equation, alien) © WGBH/NOVA
The Drake Equation
(Drake, bacteria) Corbis Images; (Milky Way, star formation, Earth, telescopes, meteorite); © NASA; (star wobble) produced by the Cornell Theory Center based on research by Alex Wolszczan, Penn State; (dolphins) Courtesy of NOAA
Decoding Cosmic Spectra
Photos: (star, galaxy, nebula, planet) © NASA; graphics: © WGBH/NOVA
The Pillars of Creation
Courtesy of Jeff Hester
The Origins Game
(Shark Bay) © Malcolm Wallace, University of Melbourne; (Murchison meteor) © Martin Altmann; (Akilia) © Christopher Fedo; (gold) Courtesy of USGS; (snottites, Galapagos rift) © WGBH/NOVA; (Horn Antenna) © Roger Ressmeyer/Corbis; (CBI) © CBI/Caltech/NSF; (Keck) Courtesy of Keck Observatory; (Tagish Lake) Courtesy of University of Western Ontario and University of Calgary; (Barringer Crater) © NASA/LPI/David Roddy; (Kolyma) © NASA/Marshall; (Rio Tinto) Courtesy of Carol Stoker, NASA Ames Research Center; (trilobite) © James L. Amos/Corbis
History of the Universe
Images: (left to right, 1-5) From a simulation of the Formation of Galaxies and Large Scale Structure by Michael Norman, Brian O'Shea and Greg Bryan, Grand Challenge Cosmology Consortium (GC3), and visualized by Donna Cox, Stuart Levy, Robert Patterson, NCSA/UIUC; (left to right, 6,8,9,11) STScI/AURA/NASA; (left to right, 7) High Z; (left to right, 10,12) NOVA/NASA
A Brief History of Life
Images: (Precambrian, Cambrian, Ordovician, Silurian, Devonian, Jurassic, Cretaceous) © John Sibbick; (Permian, Triassic, Quaternary) © Douglas Henderson; (Tertiary) Courtesy of Department of Library Services, American Museum of Natural History
ET Gallery
(Coneheads) © Howard Jacqueline; (Day the Earth Stood Still) © John Springer Collection; (Star Trek) © Bettmann/Corbis; (Predator) © Sunset Boulevard; (Men in Black) © Columbia Pictures/ZUMA/Corbis; (all others) © Jerry Ohlinger
This material is based upon work supported by the National Science
Foundation under Grant No. ESI-9814643. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions
or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and
do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation.
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Hosted and Narrated by
Neil deGrasse Tyson
Produced and Directed by
(Earth is Born, How Life Began)
Alice Harper
Narration Written by
(Earth is Born, How Life Began)
Produced by
Joseph McMaster
Written, Produced and Directed by
(Where are the Aliens?)
Julia Cort and Larry Klein
Written, Produced and Directed by
(Back to the Beginning)
Thomas Levenson
Origins Executive Editor
Neil deGrasse Tyson
Origins Executive Producer
Thomas Levenson
Director of Photography
(Back to the Beginning)
Robert Elfstrom
Co-Producer
(Back to the Beginning)
Craig Ginsberg
Associate Producers
(Earth is Born, How Life Began)
Julie Crawford
Caroline Penry-Davey
Associate Producers
(Where are the Aliens?)
Anthony Manupelli
Sandra Haller
Edited by
(Earth is Born, How Life Began)
Stephanie Munroe
Louise Salkow
Edited by
(Where are the Aliens)
Harlan Reiniger
Edited by
(Back to the Beginning)
Simon Holland
Additional Editing by
(Where are the Aliens)
David Espar
Baby
(Earth is Born)
Joshua Pitts
Origins Project Manager
Marie Wiljanen
Origins Project Development
Larry Klein
Series Science Advisors
Alan Dressler
Sandra Faber
Writers
(Earth is Born, How Life Began)
Alice Harper
Nigel Henbest
North Pole Segment Directed by
(Earth is Born)
Mark Everest
Camera
(Earth is Born)
Mike Coles
Brian Dowley
Steve Albins
David Langan
Mike Spragg
Camera
(How Life Began)
Mike Coles
Brian Dowley
Steve Albins
David Langan
Colin Fox
Camera
(Where are the Aliens?)
Robert Elfstrom
Brian Dowley
Gordy Waterman
Stephen McCarthy
Greg Andracke
Music
(Earth is Born, How Life Began)
Rob Morsberger
Richard Atree
Music
(Where are the Aliens, Back to the Beginning)
Rob Morsberger
Animation created by
(Earth is Born)
Edgeworx
4:2:2 Video
CO:DE Design
Tony Lee
Animation created by
(How Life Began)
Edgeworx
4:2:2 Video
CO:DE Design
Animation created by
(Where are the Aliens, Back to the Beginning)
Edgeworx
Special Effects
(Earth is Born, How Life Began)
David Barlow
Kathryn Johnson
Animation Supervisor for NOVA
John Bair
First Stars Simulation
(Back to the Beginning)
Tom Abel
Greg Bryan
Michael Norman
First Stars Visualization
(Back to the Beginning)
Ralf Kähler
Tom Abel
Still Animation
(Back to the Beginning)
Anna Davis
Set Designer
(How Life Began)
Debbie Cutler
Camera Assistants
(Earth is Born, How Life Began)
Jaimie Gramston
Richard Wyke
Sound Recordists
(Earth is Born)
John Cameron
Steve Bores
Rusty Duggan
John Murphy
Tim Hunt
Bill Rudolph
Tim Worth
Sound Recordists
(How Life Began)
John Cameron
Steve Bores
Rusty Duggan
John Murphy
Simon Pinkerton
Bill Rudolph
Tim Worth
Sound Recordists
(Where are the Aliens?)
John Cameron
Ray Day
Doug Dunderdale
John Duvall
Mark Roy
George Shafknacker
Sound Recordists
(Back to the Beginning)
Ray Daye
Doug Dunderdale
Roger Phenix
Grips
(Earth is Born, How Life Began, Where are the Aliens?)
Thomas Doran
Rick Compeau
Stian Nilsen
Gaffers
(Earth is Born, How Life Began, Where are the Aliens?)
Michael Guerra
John Bell
Gaffers
(Back to the Beginning)
Andrew Eckmann
Witt Monts
Art Director
(Back to the Beginning)
William Barclay
Director of Archive Research
(Back to the Beginning)
Karen Colbron
Jib Operator
(Earth is Born, How Life Began, Where are the Aliens?)
Robert Pflumm
Head of Production
(How Life Began)
Kirstie McLure
Production Manager
(Earth is Born)
Mary Keevil
Assistant Camera
(Where are the Aliens?)
Michael Boyle
Andrew Eckmann
Assistant Editor
(Earth is Born, How Life Began)
Laura Minnear
Assistant Editors
(Where are the Aliens?)
Travis Anderson
Hamilton Jones
Online Editor and Colorist
(Earth is Born, How Life Began)
Mark Steele
Online Editor and Colorist
(Where are the Aliens?, Back to the Beginning)
Michael H. Amundson
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Audio Mix
(Earth is Born, How Life Began)
John Jenkins
Audio Mix
(Where are the Aliens?, Back to the Beginning)
Jim Sullivan
Production Assistant
(Earth is Born, How Life Began)
Robbie Gemmel
Production Assistant
(Where are the Aliens?)
Anna Lee Strachan
Production Assistant
(Back to the Beginning)
Chetin Chabuk
Interns
(Earth is Born, How Life Began)
Becca Serr
Ariana Reguzzoni
Julie Fischer
Mouse Wrangler
(How Life Began)
Max Gonzalez
Kitchen location and services provided by
(Back to the Beginning)
De Gustibus Cooking School at Macy's
Archival Material
(Earth is Born)
BBC Television
Discovery Communications Inc.
ESA
Geoff Mackley
Graphic Films
NASA
Planetary Visions Limited
Simon Carroll
Southwest Research Institute
Tropical Visions Video, Inc.
York Films
Archival Material
(How Life Began)
American Museum of Natural History & University of Washington
BBC Television
Chamber of mines of SA
Devaki Bhaya
Hammersley Iron Pty Ltd.
Hawaii Undersea Research Lab
Ifremer
NASA
Planetary Visions Ltd
Richard Pyle
Simon Carroll
Archival Material
(Where are the Aliens?)
BBC Motion Gallery
Corbis Corporation
Paul Gerken
Getty Images
Indiana State Museum and Historic Sites
Roger T. Hanlon
Moana Productions, Inc.
NASA
National Geographic Television Film Library
Space Telescope Science Institute
Sveriges Television
Stock Footage courtesy of
(Back to the Beginning)
American Museum of Natural History
Archive Films By Getty Images
BBC Worldwide Americas
Devillier Donegan Enterprises
Thomas Lucas Productions
Lucent Technologies/Bell Labs
NASA
NASA/ Goddard Space Flight Center
Scientific Visualization Studio at NASA / GFSC
Space Telescope Science Institute
VNU Business Media, Inc.
Stills courtesy of
(Back to the Beginning)
AURA/ STScI/ NASA
Gemini Observatory - GMOS Team
Robert Gendler
Jeff Hester & Paul Scowen/NASA
Axel Mellinger
NASA
Astrophysics Data Center at NASA /GFSC
NASA/ STScI/ Jane Gallagher
Space Telescope Science Institute
Special Thanks
(Earth is Born)
Meteor Crater Enterprises, Inc.
Pilbara Native Title Service
W.M. Keck Observatory
TcSUH
Woody Fisher
Special Thanks
(How Life Began)
Meteor Crater Enterprises, Inc.
Geological Survey of WA
Pilbara Native Title Service
Anglogold
Evander, Harmony Goldmine
Woody Fisher
Brattle Book Shop
Special Thanks
(Where are the Aliens?)
American Museum of Natural History
Arecibo Observatory
California Institute of Technology
Carnegie Institution of Washington, Department of Terrestrial Magnetism
Chabot Space & Science Center
Death Valley National Park
Johnson Space Center
Marine Biological Laboratory
Marine Resources Center
Montana State University
NASA Ames Research Center
Scripps Institution of Oceanography
SETI Institute
UCO / Lick Observatory
University of California, Berkeley
W. M. Keck Observatory
Special Thanks
(Back to the Beginning)
Wilson Chao
Julia Cort
Richard Ellis
Christopher Fournelle
Theodore Gray
Conn Hallinan
Emma Katz
Wm. Keck Observatory
Laura Kraft
Henry Seidman Levenson
Tim Mangini
Joseph McMaster
Stephanie Munroe
Palomar Observatory
Princeton Computer Science Department
Princeton University
Wolfgang Rueckner
Katha Seidman
Ben Shedd
Elizabeth Stachow
Sun Microsystems
Eagle Nebula apparel provided by Velocitees.com and CafePress.com
Grant Wallace
Joseph McMaster is the Margret and Hans Rey/Curious George Producer.
(Earth is Born, How Life Began)
For Pioneer Film & TV
(Earth is Born, How Life Began)
Series Producer
Martin Mortimore
Executive Producer
Stuart Carter
For NOVA
NOVA Series Graphics
National Ministry of Design
NOVA Theme
Mason Daring
Martin Brody
Michael Whalen
Post Production Online Editor
(Where are the Aliens?, Back to the Beginning)
Spencer Gentry
Closed Captioning
The Caption Center
Publicity
Jonathan Renes
Diane Buxton
Senior Researcher
Ethan Herberman
Production Coordinator
Linda Callahan
Unit Manager
Lola Norman-Salako
Paralegal
Gabriel Cohen-Leadholm
Legal Counsel
Susan Rosen Shishko
Post Production Assistant
Patrick Carey
Associate Producer, Post Production
Nathan Gunner
Post Production Supervisor
Regina O'Toole
Post Production Editor
Rebecca Nieto
Post Production Manager
Maureen Barden Lynch
Supervising Producer
Stephen Sweigart
Producer, Special Projects
Susanne Simpson
Coordinating Producer
Laurie Cahalane
Senior Science Editor
Evan Hadingham
Senior Series Producer
Melanie Wallace
Managing Director
Alan Ritsko
Senior Executive Producer
Paula S. Apsell
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Web Site Credits
