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There are earthquakes and then there are earthquakes specific to volcanoes. In recent years, scientists have learned a great deal about the quakes volcanoes generate, thanks in no small measure to the work of engineer-turned-seismologist Bernard Chouet. Some volcano quakes originate in solid rock and some in molten rock that is trying to move through underground channels. It is the latter type of earthquake that helped Chouet forecast the eruption of Mt. Redoubt in Alaska and that shows promise in predicting future eruptions.
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Sources
Chouet, Bernard A. "Long-period volcano seismicity:
its source and use in eruption forecasting." Nature, March 28, 1996.
Manual of Seismological Observatory Practice.
http://www.seismo.com/ msop/msop_intro.html
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