![Intro](/wgbh/nova/genome/images/her_intro.gif)
![Pythagoras](/wgbh/nova/genome/images/her_pyt.gif)
![Empedocles](/wgbh/nova/genome/images/her_emp_on.gif)
![Aristotle](/wgbh/nova/genome/images/her_ari.gif)
![Harvey](/wgbh/nova/genome/images/her_har.gif)
![Leeuwenhoek](/wgbh/nova/genome/images/her_lee.gif)
![de Maupertuis](/wgbh/nova/genome/images/her_dem.gif)
![Darwin](/wgbh/nova/genome/images/her_dar.gif)
![Mendel](/wgbh/nova/genome/images/her_men.gif)
![Morgan](/wgbh/nova/genome/images/her_mor.gif)
![Crick & Watson](/wgbh/nova/genome/images/her_cri.gif)
![McClintock](/wgbh/nova/genome/images/her_mcc.gif)
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![Image](/wgbh/nova/genome/images/her_empedocles.jpg)
An excerpt from Empedocles' ancient text on heredity
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c. 490-430 B.C. Empedocles
Pythagoras' theory of heredity could not readily explain the obvious occurrence of shared physical traits between a mother and her child. Empedocles, another Greek thinker, accounted for Pythagoras' oversight by asserting that semen blended with female sexual fluid found inside a woman's body. An embryo, he believed, resulted from the mixing of male and female hereditary material found in these sexual fluids.
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